Science & Technology Q&A for Kids (and others) [January 21, 2022]

Stephen Wolfram answers general questions from his viewers about science and technology as part of an unscripted livestream series, also available on YouTube here: https://wolfr.am/youtube-sw-qa

Questions include: ​If traceroute was disabled, or if all servers refused to send TTL expirations, would there be a way to trace internet traffic? Or would the internet be untraceable, kind of analogous to a TOR network? - ​Can you describe how packets get dropped? Is there a decision made, a timeout, or some physically-mediated loss? Are there different implementations for routers / servers? - ​Would love to hear about the limitations of Moore's law. Is Moore's law still relevant to set corporate targets as companies like Intel use it as a benchmark of progress? - If an alien civilization would sent a spaceship from Proxima Centauri to earth with a speed of light, can we detect it before it arrives? - If we did have a "transporter" to send ourselves to another galaxy as a signal, would packet loss be a severe danger for those intergalactic signals?