Discussion: Now that you have downloaded and set preferences, you need to become familiar with the Arduino Integrated Development Environment, or IDE for short. It works just like a text editor program. I'm only going to cover what I think is important for us to know right now. We do a deeper dive on an as needed basis as we progress through the course. Specifically, in this lesson we'll cover: Selecting an Arduino Board and Serial Port Saving an Arduino File The Editor, Message Area, and Console A Few Other "Good to Know" Items So let's open the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and get started. Do this by clicking the Arduino icon. Which Board and Serial Port Should I Use? The first thing we're going to discuss is selecting the correct board. We have to let the Integrated Development Environment know what Arduino board you're using. Go to the "Tools" tab, and then go down to where it says "Board". You'll notice I selected the Arduino Uno since that is what I will use throughout the course. I recommend that you use an Uno or an Uno derivative throughout the course, as well. This will standardize our work in these lessons. Once you've selected the board, next you need to select your serial port. People can sometimes be intimidated by this technical term, but you don't have to be. Serial ports are just the different things connected to your computer. The easiest way to find out which of the ports listed is your Arduino is to first unplug the Arduino from the computer. Go to the ports list under the "Tools" tab, and write down the names of these ports. You only need to write enough to differentiate one from the next - maybe the last word or last few letters. Then, close your Arduino IDE. Plug your Arduino board back in via the USB cable to your computer. Open the Arduino IDE. You should now be able to see an additional serial port not on the list you originally wrote down. That will be the serial port to which your Arduino is connected. For Mac, you'll usually see cu or tty after the "dev/". Those are the common ways Arduino will show up on the serial port for a Mac. For a PC, it shows up as a COM port, but it's hard to know which one it will be. It could be one, two, four, etc. That's why the best method, although primitive, is just to unplug and plug the Arduino back into that port. Once you've chosen the board and port the first time, these settings will stay the same for any subsequent times you reopen the Arduino IDE. The reason I point this out is that if you happen to get a different board at some point, you will have to remember to change the board that is selected. The Arduino File When you open the Arduino IDE for the first time, it will open up a file for you, giving it a default name. That default is sketch, underscore, and the current date. That name also appears at the top of the IDE, along with the version of Arduino you're using. To save this, go to the "File" tab and then to "Save". It's just like saving any other file. Notice it asks you to save the file in "Documents". Remember that in Arduino, files are referred to as sketches. So, the collection of our sketches is known as the sketchbook. The sketchbook folder is where all of the sketches we write will be saved. Of course, you can also nest your files in that folder just like you could in any other program where you're saving files. It's really no different. Take a look at the name I chose for my file. There are certain rules you must follow when choosing a name for your sketch. When you're naming a file, you can't use any spaces between the words. One common method is to use an underscore where you would have normally preferred a space. You can't use special characters, either. You can use numbers in the name, but you can't have a number as the first character. Lastly, the names are limited to 64 characters. So, using these rules, name your sketch and save it. You'll see that the name on the tab and at the top of the screen now displays the name of your newly saved sketch. So, saving is really easy. The shortcut command is Ctrl S. There is also a down arrow that you can click. The Editor, Message Area, and Console There are three main areas of the Integrated Development Environment: the editor, the message bar, and the console. The editor is the big white space. It's where you type the Arduino code. It has number lines down the side - as long as that was one of the preferences you checked from our last lesson on choosing your settings. Right now it shows one through nine. If we were to add more code or move our cursor down further, it would adds numbers as lines are added. I want to point out one thing in this name here. Do you see the little funky looking "s"? Every time you make a change to the sketch that has not been saved, that s will be displayed. If I save the file, it goes away. If I were to type something in the sketch again, the funky little s would come back. It's just a visual reminder to save your changes. Per
