Light-Horse Harry & Robert E. Lee: The Lees of Leesylvania

This is the story of the family that produced Light Horse Harry and Robert E Lee: the Lees of Leesylvania, the Virginia branch of the Lee family that produced a long line of planters, soldiers, politicians, and lawyers. In it, I contrast the Leesylvania Lees with the Stratford Hall Lees and show how the Leesylvania line developed its own place in Virginia history as some of the greatest and most memorable members of the gentry through landholding, public service, and military command.

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The story begins with Henry Lee I, the founder of the Leesylvania line. Born to Richard Lee II and Letitia Corbin, he became a major tobacco planter and militia officer who managed plantations, defended the Northern Neck, and expanded into frontier lands along the Potomac. He established holdings at Freestone Point and later developed the area that became Leesylvania.

Henry Lee II then turned that inherited tract into the family seat. After marrying Lucy Grymes, the famed "Lowland Beauty" whose hand he won despite competition from George Washington, he built the house at Freestone Point and named it Leesylvania. The estate became a large plantation complex with scientific management, crop rotation, domestic production, commercial fishing operations, pork and corn production, and horse breeding. Henry II also served as a county leader and burgess, and Leesylvania became a social and political gathering place that often hosted George Washington.

The episode then turns to the children of Henry Lee II and Lucy Grymes, especially Henry Lee III, Charles Lee, Richard Bland Lee, and Edmund Jennings Lee. Henry Lee III became Light Horse Harry, a Revolutionary War cavalry commander famed for his leadership of "Lee's Legion" and one of Washington's favorites. Charles Lee became attorney general under George Washington and John Adams. Richard Bland Lee helped shape the compromise over federal assumption and the site of the national capital. Edmund Jennings Lee became mayor of Alexandria and a long-time defender of the Episcopal Church.

The final section traces the family's decline after Henry Lee II's death, the burning and loss of Leesylvania, and the dispersal of the family into Alexandria. It then looks ahead to later generations, including Sidney Smith Lee, Robert E. Lee, Custis Lee, Rooney Lee, and Fitzhugh Lee, showing that although the estates disappeared, the family's military and public legacy remained part of American history.

CHAPTERS:

0:00 The Lees of Leesylvania: The Other Lees

3:07 Henry Lee I

9:45 Leesylvania Takes Shape Under Henry Lee II

18:42 Life at Leesylvania: Commerce, Horses, and Hospitality

29:32 The Revolutionary Generation Of Leesylvania Rises

39:39 Sydney Smith Lee's Crazy Naval Career

45:49 Harry's Fall and Robert Lee

48:09 The Lee Family During the Civil War and After It

51:18 The Final Years and Legacy of the Leesylvania Lees

Sources Referenced in this Episode:

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Cole, Ryan, Light-Horse Harry Lee: The Rise and Fall of a Revolutionary Hero, https://amzn.to/4xltuvc

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Crocker, H. W., III, Robert E. Lee on Leadership: Executive Lessons in Management, https://amzn.to/3Ruayvi

Dowdey, Clifford, Lee: A Biography, https://amzn.to/4wBOgH2

Evans, Emory G., A Topping People: The Rise and Decline of Virginia's Old Political Elite, https://amzn.to/4z6IUFB

Flood, Charles Bracelen, Lee: The Last Years, https://amzn.to/4xnlZ7g

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Lee, Cazenove Gardner, Jr., Lee Chronicle: Studies of the Early Generations of the Lees, https://amzn.to/4fQm5Ns

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Nagel, Paul C., The Lees of Virginia: Seven Generations of an American Family, https://amzn.to/4gapiZz

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Unger, Harlow Giles, First Founding Father: Richard Henry Lee and the Call to Independence, https://amzn.to/4pYIsop